Merged with dev

aidge_core/unit_tests/test_impl.py

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ GLOBAL_CPT = 0
 
 class testImpl(aidge_core.OperatorImpl):
     def __init__(self, op: aidge_core.Operator):
-        aidge_core.OperatorImpl.__init__(self, op) # Required to avoid type error !
+        aidge_core.OperatorImpl.__init__(self, op, 'cpu') # Required to avoid type error !
 
     def forward(self):
         global GLOBAL_CPT

aidge_core/unit_tests/test_operator_binding.py

@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ class test_operator_binding(unittest.TestCase):
             """Dummy implementation to test that C++ call python code
             """
             def __init__(self, op: aidge_core.Operator):
-                aidge_core.OperatorImpl.__init__(self, op) # Recquired to avoid type error !
+                aidge_core.OperatorImpl.__init__(self, op, 'test_impl') # Recquired to avoid type error !
                 self.idx = 0
 
             def forward(self):

include/aidge/aidge.hpp

-/********************************************************************************
- * Copyright (c) 2023 CEA-List
- *
- * This program and the accompanying materials are made available under the
- * terms of the Eclipse Public License 2.0 which is available at
- * http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-2.0.
- *
- * SPDX-License-Identifier: EPL-2.0
- *
- ********************************************************************************/
-
-#ifndef AIDGE_IMPORTS_H_
-#define AIDGE_IMPORTS_H_
-
-#include "aidge/backend/OperatorImpl.hpp"
-#include "aidge/backend/TensorImpl.hpp"
-#include "aidge/backend/StimulusImpl.hpp"
-
-#include "aidge/backend/cpu/data/TensorImpl.hpp"
-#include "aidge/backend/cpu/data/GetCPUPtr.h"
-
-#include "aidge/data/Data.hpp"
-#include "aidge/data/Tensor.hpp"
-#include "aidge/data/Database.hpp"
-#include "aidge/data/DataProvider.hpp"
-#include "aidge/graph/Connector.hpp"
-#include "aidge/graph/GraphView.hpp"
-#include "aidge/graph/Node.hpp"
-#include "aidge/graph/OpArgs.hpp"
-
-#include "aidge/graphRegex/GraphRegex.hpp"
-#include "aidge/nodeTester/ConditionalInterpreter.hpp"
-
-#include "aidge/operator/Add.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/AvgPooling.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/BatchNorm.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Concat.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Conv.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/ConvDepthWise.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Div.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Erf.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/FC.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Gather.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/GenericOperator.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/MatMul.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/MaxPooling.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/MetaOperator.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/MetaOperatorDefs.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Mul.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Operator.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Pad.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Producer.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Pow.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/ReduceMean.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/ReLU.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Reshape.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Scaling.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Slice.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Softmax.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Sqrt.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Sub.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Transpose.hpp"
-#include "aidge/scheduler/Scheduler.hpp"
-#include "aidge/stimuli/Stimulus.hpp"
-
-#include "aidge/recipes/Recipes.hpp"
-#include "aidge/filler/Filler.hpp"
-
-#include "aidge/utils/Attributes.hpp"
-#include "aidge/utils/StaticAttributes.hpp"
-#include "aidge/utils/DynamicAttributes.hpp"
-#include "aidge/utils/Random.hpp"
-#include "aidge/utils/Registrar.hpp"
-#include "aidge/utils/Types.h"
-
-#endif /* AIDGE_IMPORTS_H_ */
+/********************************************************************************
+ * Copyright (c) 2023 CEA-List
+ *
+ * This program and the accompanying materials are made available under the
+ * terms of the Eclipse Public License 2.0 which is available at
+ * http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-2.0.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: EPL-2.0
+ *
+ ********************************************************************************/
+
+#ifndef AIDGE_IMPORTS_H_
+#define AIDGE_IMPORTS_H_
+
+#include "aidge/backend/OperatorImpl.hpp"
+#include "aidge/backend/TensorImpl.hpp"
+#include "aidge/backend/StimulusImpl.hpp"
+
+#include "aidge/backend/cpu/data/TensorImpl.hpp"
+#include "aidge/backend/cpu/data/GetCPUPtr.h"
+
+#include "aidge/data/Data.hpp"
+#include "aidge/data/Tensor.hpp"
+#include "aidge/data/Database.hpp"
+#include "aidge/data/DataProvider.hpp"
+
+#include "aidge/graph/Connector.hpp"
+#include "aidge/graph/GraphView.hpp"
+#include "aidge/graph/Node.hpp"
+#include "aidge/graph/OpArgs.hpp"
+
+#include "aidge/graphRegex/GraphRegex.hpp"
+
+#include "aidge/filler/Filler.hpp"
+
+#include "aidge/nodeTester/ConditionalInterpreter.hpp"
+
+#include "aidge/operator/Add.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/AvgPooling.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/BatchNorm.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Concat.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Conv.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/ConvDepthWise.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Div.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Erf.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/FC.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Gather.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/GenericOperator.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/MatMul.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/MaxPooling.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/MetaOperator.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/MetaOperatorDefs.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Mul.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Operator.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Pad.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Producer.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Pow.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/ReduceMean.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/ReLU.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Reshape.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Scaling.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Slice.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Softmax.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Sqrt.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Sub.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Transpose.hpp"
+#include "aidge/scheduler/Scheduler.hpp"
+#include "aidge/stimuli/Stimulus.hpp"
+
+#include "aidge/recipes/Recipes.hpp"
+
+#include "aidge/utils/Attributes.hpp"
+#include "aidge/utils/StaticAttributes.hpp"
+#include "aidge/utils/DynamicAttributes.hpp"
+#include "aidge/utils/Random.hpp"
+#include "aidge/utils/Registrar.hpp"
+#include "aidge/utils/Types.h"
+
+#endif /* AIDGE_IMPORTS_H_ */

include/aidge/backend/OperatorImpl.hpp

@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@
  *
  ********************************************************************************/
 
-#ifndef AIDGE_OPERATORIMPL_H_
-#define AIDGE_OPERATORIMPL_H_
+#ifndef AIDGE_BACKEND_OPERATORIMPL_H_
+#define AIDGE_BACKEND_OPERATORIMPL_H_
 
-#include <cstddef>
+#include <string>
 #include <vector>
-#include <memory>
+
 #include "aidge/utils/Types.h"
 #include "aidge/data/Elts.hpp"
 
@@ -23,10 +23,13 @@ class Operator;
 
 class OperatorImpl {
 public:
-    OperatorImpl(const Operator& op);
+    OperatorImpl(const Operator& op, const std::string& backend);
     virtual void forward();
     virtual void backward();
 
+    const std::string& backend() const noexcept {
+        return mBackend;
+    }
     /**
      * @brief Minimum amount of data from a specific input required by the
      * implementation to be run.
@@ -74,9 +77,10 @@ public:
 
 protected:
     const Operator &mOp;
+    const std::string mBackend;
     std::vector<Elts_t> mNbConsumedData;
     std::vector<Elts_t> mNbProducedData;
 };
 } // namespace Aidge
 
-#endif /* AIDGE_OPERATORIMPL_H_ */
+#endif /* AIDGE_BACKEND_OPERATORIMPL_H_ */

include/aidge/backend/TensorImpl.hpp

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ private:
 class TensorImpl {
 protected:
 
-    const char *mBackend;
+    const std::string mBackend;
     /// @brief Device id.
     const DeviceIdx_t mDevice;
     /// Number of elements (to be) stored.
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ protected:
 public:
     TensorImpl() = delete;
 
-    TensorImpl(const char *backend, DeviceIdx_t device, std::vector<DimSize_t> dims)
+    TensorImpl(const std::string& backend, DeviceIdx_t device, std::vector<DimSize_t> dims)
         : mBackend(backend),
           mDevice(device)
     {
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ public:
      * Return the (backend, device) pair for this implementation.
     */
     std::pair<std::string, DeviceIdx_t> device() const noexcept {
-        return std::make_pair(std::string(mBackend), mDevice);
+        return std::make_pair(mBackend, mDevice);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ public:
         AIDGE_THROW_OR_ABORT(std::runtime_error, "Function not implented");
     }
 
-    constexpr const char *backend() const { return mBackend; }
+    const std::string backend() const { return mBackend; }
 
     /**
      * @brief Copy from another backend.

include/aidge/backend/cpu/data/TensorImpl.hpp

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 
 #include "aidge/backend/TensorImpl.hpp"
 #include "aidge/data/Tensor.hpp"
-#include "aidge/data/half.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/Registrar.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/Types.h"
 #include "aidge/utils/ErrorHandling.hpp"
@@ -31,21 +30,12 @@ private:
     std::unique_ptr<T[]> mDataOwner;
 
 public:
-    static constexpr const char *Backend = "cpu";
+    static const std::string Backend;
 
+public:
     TensorImpl_cpu(DeviceIdx_t device, std::vector<DimSize_t> dims) : TensorImpl(Backend, device, dims) {}
 
-    bool operator==(const TensorImpl &otherImpl) const override final {
-        const auto& typedOtherImpl = reinterpret_cast<const TensorImpl_cpu<T> &>(otherImpl);
-        AIDGE_INTERNAL_ASSERT(typedOtherImpl.size() >= mNbElts);
-
-        std::size_t i = 0;
-        for (; i < mNbElts &&
-               *static_cast<const T*>(rawPtr(i)) == *static_cast<const T*>(typedOtherImpl.rawPtr(i));
-               ++i) {
-        }
-        return i == mNbElts;
-    }
+    bool operator==(const TensorImpl &other) const override final;
 
     static std::shared_ptr<TensorImpl_cpu> create(DeviceIdx_t device, std::vector<DimSize_t> dims) {
         return std::make_shared<TensorImpl_cpu<T>>(device, dims);
@@ -53,14 +43,7 @@ public:
 
     inline std::size_t scalarSize() const noexcept override final { return sizeof(T); }
 
-    void zeros() override final {
-        if (mData.empty()) {
-            lazyInit();
-        }
-        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < mData.size(); ++i) {
-            *(mData.data() + i) = T(0);
-        }
-    }
+    void zeros() override final;
 
     void copy(const void *src, NbElts_t length, NbElts_t offset = 0) override final {
         const T* srcT = static_cast<const T *>(src);
@@ -71,64 +54,7 @@ public:
         std::copy(srcT, srcT + length, dstT);
     }
 
-    void copyCast(const void *src, const DataType srcDt, NbElts_t length, NbElts_t offset = 0) override final {
-        if (length == 0) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        T* dstT = static_cast<T *>(rawPtr(offset));
-        AIDGE_ASSERT(length <= mData.size() || length <= mNbElts, "copy length is above capacity");
-        switch (srcDt)
-        {
-            case DataType::Float64:
-                std::copy(static_cast<const double*>(src), static_cast<const double*>(src) + length,
-                        dstT);
-                break;
-            case DataType::Float32:
-                std::copy(static_cast<const float*>(src), static_cast<const float*>(src) + length,
-                        dstT);
-                break;
-            case DataType::Float16:
-                std::copy(static_cast<const half_float::half*>(src), static_cast<const half_float::half*>(src) + length,
-                        dstT);
-                break;
-            case DataType::Int64:
-                std::copy(static_cast<const int64_t*>(src), static_cast<const int64_t*>(src) + length,
-                        dstT);
-                break;
-            case DataType::UInt64:
-                std::copy(static_cast<const uint64_t*>(src), static_cast<const uint64_t*>(src) + length,
-                        dstT);
-                break;
-            case DataType::Int32:
-                std::copy(static_cast<const int32_t*>(src), static_cast<const int32_t*>(src) + length,
-                        dstT);
-                break;
-            case DataType::UInt32:
-                std::copy(static_cast<const uint32_t*>(src), static_cast<const uint32_t*>(src) + length,
-                        dstT);
-                break;
-            case DataType::Int16:
-                std::copy(static_cast<const int16_t*>(src), static_cast<const int16_t*>(src) + length,
-                        dstT);
-                break;
-            case DataType::UInt16:
-                std::copy(static_cast<const uint16_t*>(src), static_cast<const uint16_t*>(src) + length,
-                        dstT);
-                break;
-            case DataType::Int8:
-                std::copy(static_cast<const int8_t*>(src), static_cast<const int8_t*>(src) + length,
-                        dstT);
-                break;
-            case DataType::UInt8:
-                std::copy(static_cast<const uint8_t*>(src), static_cast<const uint8_t*>(src) + length,
-                        dstT);
-                break;
-            default:
-                AIDGE_THROW_OR_ABORT(std::runtime_error, "Unsupported data type.");
-                break;
-        }
-    }
+    void copyCast(const void *src, const DataType srcDt, NbElts_t length, NbElts_t offset = 0) override final;
 
     void copyFromDevice(const void *src, const std::pair<std::string, DeviceIdx_t>& device, NbElts_t length, NbElts_t offset = 0) override final {
         AIDGE_ASSERT(device.first == Backend, "backend must match");
@@ -185,6 +111,10 @@ private:
     }
 };
 
+
+template <typename T>
+const std::string TensorImpl_cpu<T>::Backend = "cpu";
+
 namespace {
 static Registrar<Tensor> registrarTensorImpl_cpu_Float64(
         {"cpu", DataType::Float64}, Aidge::TensorImpl_cpu<double>::create);

include/aidge/data/Tensor.hpp

@@ -24,6 +24,10 @@
 
 #include "aidge/backend/TensorImpl.hpp"
 #include "aidge/data/Data.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Add.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Div.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Mul.hpp"
+#include "aidge/operator/Sub.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/Registrar.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/Types.h"
 #include "aidge/utils/ArrayHelpers.hpp"
@@ -231,6 +235,102 @@ class Tensor : public Data,
         return *mImpl == *(otherTensor.mImpl);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Element-wise addition operation for two ``Tensor``s.
+     * @note ``Tensor``s should be stored on the same backend.
+     * @todo If input ``Tensor``s have a different dataType, the output should
+     * have the dataType of the ``Tensor`` with the highest precision.
+     *
+     * @param other
+     * @return Tensor
+     */
+    Tensor operator+(const Tensor& other) const {
+        AIDGE_ASSERT(hasImpl() && other.hasImpl(), "At least one Tensor cannot perform any binary operation because it has no implementation.");
+        AIDGE_ASSERT(mImpl->backend() == other.mImpl->backend(), "Tensors must have the same backend");
+        AIDGE_ASSERT(dataType() == other.dataType(), "Tensors must have the same backend");
+        auto add_ = Add_Op(2);
+        add_.associateInput(0, std::make_shared<Tensor>(*this));
+        add_.associateInput(1, std::make_shared<Tensor>(other));
+        add_.computeOutputDims();
+        add_.setDataType(dataType());
+        add_.setBackend(mImpl->backend());
+        add_.forward();
+        // using add_backend = std::remove_reference_t<decltype(*Registrar<Add_Op>::create("cpu")(std::declval<const Add_Op&>()))>;
+        return add_.getOutput(0)->clone();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Element-wise substraction operation for two ``Tensor``s.
+     * @note ``Tensor``s should be stored on the same backend.
+     * @todo If input ``Tensor``s have a different dataType, the output should
+     * have the dataType of the ``Tensor`` with the highest precision.
+     *
+     * @param other
+     * @return Tensor
+     */
+    Tensor operator-(const Tensor& other) const {
+        AIDGE_ASSERT(hasImpl() && other.hasImpl(), "At least one Tensor cannot perform any binary operation because it has no implementation.");
+        AIDGE_ASSERT(mImpl->backend() == other.mImpl->backend(), "Tensors must have the same backend");
+        AIDGE_ASSERT(dataType() == other.dataType(), "Tensors must have the same backend");
+        auto sub_ = Sub_Op();
+        sub_.associateInput(0, std::make_shared<Tensor>(*this));
+        sub_.associateInput(1, std::make_shared<Tensor>(other));
+        sub_.computeOutputDims();
+        sub_.setDataType(dataType());
+        sub_.setBackend(mImpl->backend());
+        sub_.forward();
+        // using add_backend = std::remove_reference_t<decltype(*Registrar<Add_Op>::create("cpu")(std::declval<const Add_Op&>()))>;
+        return sub_.getOutput(0)->clone();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Element-wise multiplication operation for two ``Tensor``s.
+     * @note ``Tensor``s should be stored on the same backend.
+     * @todo If input ``Tensor``s have a different dataType, the output should
+     * have the dataType of the ``Tensor`` with the highest precision.
+     *
+     * @param other
+     * @return Tensor
+     */
+    Tensor operator*(const Tensor& other) const {
+        AIDGE_ASSERT(hasImpl() && other.hasImpl(), "At least one Tensor cannot perform any binary operation because it has no implementation.");
+        AIDGE_ASSERT(mImpl->backend() == other.mImpl->backend(), "Tensors must have the same backend");
+        AIDGE_ASSERT(dataType() == other.dataType(), "Tensors must have the same backend");
+        auto mul_ = Mul_Op();
+        mul_.associateInput(0, std::make_shared<Tensor>(*this));
+        mul_.associateInput(1, std::make_shared<Tensor>(other));
+        mul_.computeOutputDims();
+        mul_.setDataType(dataType());
+        mul_.setBackend(mImpl->backend());
+        mul_.forward();
+        // using add_backend = std::remove_reference_t<decltype(*Registrar<Add_Op>::create("cpu")(std::declval<const Add_Op&>()))>;
+        return mul_.getOutput(0)->clone();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Element-wise division operation for two ``Tensor``s.
+     * @note ``Tensor``s should be stored on the same backend.
+     * @todo If input ``Tensor``s have a different dataType, the output should
+     * have the dataType of the ``Tensor`` with the highest precision.
+     *
+     * @param other
+     * @return Tensor
+     */
+    Tensor operator/(const Tensor& other) const {
+        AIDGE_ASSERT(hasImpl() && other.hasImpl(), "At least one Tensor cannot perform any binary operation because it has no implementation.");
+        AIDGE_ASSERT(mImpl->backend() == other.mImpl->backend(), "Tensors must have the same backend");
+        AIDGE_ASSERT(dataType() == other.dataType(), "Tensors must have the same backend");
+        auto div_ = Div_Op();
+        div_.associateInput(0, std::make_shared<Tensor>(*this));
+        div_.associateInput(1, std::make_shared<Tensor>(other));
+        div_.computeOutputDims();
+        div_.setDataType(dataType());
+        div_.setBackend(mImpl->backend());
+        div_.forward();
+        // using add_backend = std::remove_reference_t<decltype(*Registrar<Add_Op>::create("cpu")(std::declval<const Add_Op&>()))>;
+        return div_.getOutput(0)->clone();
+    }
+
 public:
     /**
      * @brief Perform a deep copy of the tensor.
@@ -248,6 +348,10 @@ public:
         return newTensor;
     }
 
+    const std::string backend() const {
+        return hasImpl() ? getImpl()->backend() : "";
+    }
+
     /**
      * @brief Set the backend of the Tensor associated implementation. If there
      * was no previous implementation set, data will be allocated, but it will
@@ -310,8 +414,8 @@ public:
      * @brief Get the Impl object
      * @return constexpr const std::shared_ptr<TensorImpl>&
      */
-    constexpr const std::shared_ptr<TensorImpl> &getImpl() const { return mImpl; }
-    constexpr std::size_t getImplOffset() const { return mImplOffset; }
+    constexpr const std::shared_ptr<TensorImpl>& getImpl() const noexcept { return mImpl; }
+    constexpr std::size_t getImplOffset() const noexcept { return mImplOffset; }
 
     /**
      * @brief Set the Impl object
@@ -461,6 +565,26 @@ public:
         return mGrad;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Associate the gradient with a Tensor instance and set its implementation
+     * if none was previously set.
+     * @note Dimensions for the Tensor instance are copied from the original current Tensor.
+     * @note If a Tensor instance was already associated, only the implementation is created
+     * with values set to 0.
+     * @note If Tensor instance and implementation already existed for the gradient
+     * nothing is done.
+     */
+    void initGradient() {
+        if (!mGrad) {
+            mGrad = std::make_shared<Tensor>(mDims);
+        }
+        if (!mGrad->hasImpl()) {
+            mGrad->setDataType(dataType());
+            mGrad->setBackend(hasImpl() ? mImpl->backend() : "cpu");
+            mGrad->zeros();
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * @brief From the the 1D contiguous index, return the coordinate of an element in the tensor.
      * Beware: do not use this function with the storage index!

include/aidge/graph/GraphView.hpp

@@ -62,11 +62,7 @@ public:
         return mNodes == gv.mNodes;
     }
 
-    NodePtr operator[](const std::string& nodeName)
-    {
-        AIDGE_ASSERT(mNodeRegistry.find(nodeName) != mNodeRegistry.end(), "No node named {} in graph {}.", nodeName, name());
-        return mNodeRegistry.at(nodeName);
-    }
+    const NodePtr operator[](const std::string& nodeName) const;
 
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //        FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
@@ -82,14 +78,14 @@ public:
      * @brief Name of the node.
      * @return std::string
      */
-    std::string name() const;
+    inline std::string name() const noexcept { return mName; }
 
     /**
      * @brief Set the node name.
      * @warning Undefined behaviour when several Nodes have the same name.
      * @param name New name for the node.
      */
-    void setName(const std::string &name);
+    inline void setName(const std::string &name) { mName = name; }
 
     /**
      * @brief Save the GraphView as a Mermaid graph in a .md file at the
@@ -105,11 +101,9 @@ public:
      * @param nodePtr Node to check
      * @return bool True is nodePtr belongs to the GraphView.
     */
-    inline bool inView(NodePtr nodePtr) const {
-        return mNodes.find(nodePtr) != mNodes.end();
-    }
+    bool inView(const NodePtr& nodePtr) const;
 
-    NodePtr getRootNode() {
+    inline NodePtr rootNode() const noexcept {
         return mRootNode;
     }
 
@@ -120,41 +114,32 @@ public:
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 public:
     /** @brief Get reference to the set of input Nodes. */
-    inline std::set<NodePtr> inputNodes() const noexcept {
-        std::set<NodePtr> nodes;
-        for (auto node : mInputNodes) {
-            if (node.first != nullptr) {
-                nodes.insert(node.first);
-            }
-        }
-        return nodes;
-    }
+    std::set<NodePtr> inputNodes() const;
+
     /** @brief Get reference to the set of output Nodes. */
-    inline std::set<NodePtr> outputNodes() const noexcept {
-        std::set<NodePtr> nodes;
-        for (auto node : mOutputNodes) {
-            if (node.first != nullptr) {
-                nodes.insert(node.first);
-            }
-        }
-        return nodes;
-    }
+    std::set<NodePtr> outputNodes() const;
+
     /** @brief Assess if the given Node is an input Node of the GraphView object. */
-    inline bool isInputNode(NodePtr nodePtr) const {
-        const auto nodes = inputNodes();
-        return (nodes.find(nodePtr) != nodes.end()) ? true : false;
-    }
+    bool isInputNode(const NodePtr& nodePtr) const;
+
     /** @brief Assess if the given Node is an output Node of the GraphView object. */
-    inline bool isOutputNode(NodePtr nodePtr) const {
-        const auto nodes = outputNodes();
-        return (nodes.find(nodePtr) != nodes.end()) ? true : false;
-    }
+    bool isOutputNode(const NodePtr& nodePtr) const;
 
     void setOrderedInputs(const std::vector<std::pair<NodePtr, IOIndex_t>>& inputs);
     void setOrderedOutputs(const std::vector<std::pair<NodePtr, IOIndex_t>>& outputs);
 
-    inline const std::vector<std::pair<NodePtr, IOIndex_t>>& getOrderedInputs() const { return mInputNodes; };
-    inline const std::vector<std::pair<NodePtr, IOIndex_t>>& getOrderedOutputs() const { return mOutputNodes; };
+    /**
+     * @brief Get inputs of the current GraphView with their associated id.
+     * The rank of the nodes are their rank in the vector.
+     * @return const std::vector<std::pair<NodePtr, IOIndex_t>>&
+     */
+    inline const std::vector<std::pair<NodePtr, IOIndex_t>>& getOrderedInputs() const noexcept { return mInputNodes; };
+    /**
+     * @brief Get outputs of the current GraphView with their associated id.
+     * The rank of the nodes are their rank in the vector.
+     * @return const std::vector<std::pair<NodePtr, IOIndex_t>>&
+     */
+    inline const std::vector<std::pair<NodePtr, IOIndex_t>>& getOrderedOutputs() const noexcept { return mOutputNodes; };
 
     /**
      * @brief List outside data input connections of the GraphView.
@@ -216,7 +201,7 @@ public:
      * If not, add a Transpose Operator.
      * 4 - Propagate Tensor dimensions through the consecutive Operators.
      */
-    void compile(const std::string& backend, const Aidge::DataType datatype, DeviceIdx_t device = 0);
+    void compile(const std::string& backend = "cpu", const Aidge::DataType datatype = DataType::Float32, DeviceIdx_t device = 0);
 
     /**
      * @brief Compute dimensions of input/output Tensors for each Operator of the
@@ -225,9 +210,9 @@ public:
     void forwardDims(const std::vector<std::vector<DimSize_t>> dims = {});
 
     /** @brief Set the same backend for each Operator of the GraphView object's Nodes. */
-    void setBackend(const std::string &backend, DeviceIdx_t device = 0);
+    void setBackend(const std::string& backend, const DeviceIdx_t device = 0) const;
     /** @brief Set the same backend for each Operator of the GraphView object's Nodes. */
-    void setDataType(const DataType &datatype);
+    void setDataType(const DataType& datatype) const;
 
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //        TOPOLOGY

include/aidge/operator/Add.hpp

@@ -12,15 +12,11 @@
 #ifndef AIDGE_CORE_OPERATOR_ADD_H_
 #define AIDGE_CORE_OPERATOR_ADD_H_
 
-#include <numeric>
-#include <vector>
-#include <cmath>
 #include <memory>
+#include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include "aidge/utils/Registrar.hpp"
 #include "aidge/operator/OperatorTensor.hpp"
-#include "aidge/data/Tensor.hpp"
 #include "aidge/graph/Node.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/Types.h"
 #include "aidge/utils/ErrorHandling.hpp"
@@ -44,15 +40,7 @@ public:
      * @brief Copy-constructor. Copy the operator attributes and its output tensor(s), but not its input tensors (the new operator has no input associated).
      * @param op Operator to copy.
      */
-    Add_Op(const Add_Op& op)
-        : OperatorTensor(op)
-    {
-        if (op.mImpl){
-            SET_IMPL_MACRO(Add_Op, *this, op.mOutputs[0]->getImpl()->backend());
-        }else{
-            mImpl = nullptr;
-        }
-    }
+    Add_Op(const Add_Op& op);
 
     /**
      * @brief Clone the operator using its copy-constructor.
@@ -74,10 +62,7 @@ public:
 
     void computeOutputDims() override final;
 
-    void setBackend(const std::string& name, DeviceIdx_t device = 0) override {
-        SET_IMPL_MACRO(Add_Op, *this, name);
-        mOutputs[0]->setBackend(name, device);
-    }
+    void setBackend(const std::string& name, DeviceIdx_t device = 0) override;
 
     static const std::vector<std::string> getInputsName() {
         return {"data_input_0", "data_input_n"};

include/aidge/operator/AvgPooling.hpp

@@ -13,14 +13,18 @@
 #define AIDGE_CORE_OPERATOR_AVGPOOLING_H_
 
 #include <array>
-#include <numeric>
+#include <cmath>    // std::floor
+#include <cstddef>  // std::size_t
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>  // std::pair
 #include <vector>
-#include <cmath>
 
 #include "aidge/data/Tensor.hpp"
 #include "aidge/graph/Node.hpp"
 #include "aidge/operator/OperatorTensor.hpp"
 #include "aidge/operator/Producer.hpp"
+#include "aidge/utils/ArrayHelpers.hpp"
+#include "aidge/utils/ErrorHandling.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/StaticAttributes.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/Registrar.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/Types.h"
@@ -60,9 +64,9 @@ public:
         : OperatorTensor(op),
           Attributes_(op)
     {
-        if (op.mImpl){
-            SET_IMPL_MACRO(AvgPooling_Op<DIM>, *this, op.mOutputs[0]->getImpl()->backend());
-        }else{
+        if (op.mImpl) {
+            SET_IMPL_MACRO(AvgPooling_Op<DIM>, *this, op.backend());
+        } else {
             mImpl = nullptr;
         }
     }
@@ -101,8 +105,7 @@ public:
     std::vector<std::pair<std::vector<Aidge::DimSize_t>, std::vector<DimSize_t>>>
     computeReceptiveField(const std::vector<DimSize_t>& firstEltDims,
                             const std::vector<DimSize_t>& outputDims,
-                            const IOIndex_t outputIdx = 0) const override final
-    {
+                            const IOIndex_t outputIdx = 0) const override final {
         if (outputIdx != 0) {
             AIDGE_THROW_OR_ABORT(std::runtime_error, "Conv_Op Operator has got only one output Tensor.");
         }
@@ -153,8 +156,8 @@ public:
     }
 };
 
-template <DimIdx_t DIM>
-const std::string AvgPooling_Op<DIM>::Type = "AvgPooling";
+template <Aidge::DimIdx_t DIM>
+const std::string Aidge::AvgPooling_Op<DIM>::Type = "AvgPooling";
 
 template <std::array<DimSize_t, 1>::size_type DIM>
 inline std::shared_ptr<Node> AvgPooling(const std::array<DimSize_t, DIM> &kernel_dims,

include/aidge/operator/BatchNorm.hpp

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public:
           Attributes_(op)
     {
         if (op.mImpl){
-            SET_IMPL_MACRO(BatchNorm_Op<DIM>, *this, op.mOutputs[0]->getImpl()->backend());
+            SET_IMPL_MACRO(BatchNorm_Op<DIM>, *this, op.backend());
         }else{
             mImpl = nullptr;
         }

include/aidge/operator/Cast.hpp

@@ -39,7 +39,11 @@ public:
     Cast_Op(const Cast_Op& op)
         : OperatorTensor(op)
     {
-        mImpl = op.mImpl ? Registrar<Cast_Op>::create(mOutputs[0]->getImpl()->backend())(*this) : nullptr;
+        if (op.mImpl) {
+            SET_IMPL_MACRO(Cast_Op, *this, op.backend());
+        } else {
+            mImpl = nullptr;
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -50,12 +54,7 @@ public:
         return std::make_shared<Cast_Op>(*this);
     }
 
-    void setBackend(const std::string& name, DeviceIdx_t device = 0) override {
-        if (Registrar<Cast_Op>::exists({name})) {
-            mImpl = Registrar<Cast_Op>::create({name})(*this);
-        }
-        mOutputs[0]->setBackend(name, device);
-    }
+    void setBackend(const std::string& name, DeviceIdx_t device = 0) override;
 
     void forward() override;
 

include/aidge/operator/Concat.hpp

@@ -12,16 +12,16 @@
 #ifndef AIDGE_CORE_OPERATOR_CONCAT_H_
 #define AIDGE_CORE_OPERATOR_CONCAT_H_
 
-#include <numeric>
-#include <vector>
-#include <cmath>
 #include <memory>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "aidge/utils/Registrar.hpp"
 #include "aidge/operator/OperatorTensor.hpp"
-#include "aidge/data/Tensor.hpp"
 #include "aidge/graph/Node.hpp"
+#include "aidge/utils/ErrorHandling.hpp"
+#include "aidge/utils/Registrar.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/StaticAttributes.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/Types.h"
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public:
           Attributes_(op)
     {
         if (op.mImpl){
-            SET_IMPL_MACRO(Concat_Op, *this, op.mOutputs[0]->getImpl()->backend());
+            SET_IMPL_MACRO(Concat_Op, *this, op.backend());
         }else{
             mImpl = nullptr;
         }
@@ -70,51 +70,9 @@ public:
         return std::make_shared<Concat_Op>(*this);
     }
 
-    // Data operator[](const char* inputName) override final {
-    //     std::shared_ptr<Tensor> in = (strcmp(inputName, "data")) ? mInputs[0] :
-    //         (strcmp(inputName, "weight") ? mInputs[1] :
-    //         (strcmp(inputName, "bias") ? mInputs[2] :
-    //         nullptr));
-    //     assert((in!=nullptr) && "No such parameter");
-    //     return *in;
-    // }
-
+    void computeOutputDims() override final;
 
-    void computeOutputDims() override final {
-        // Every input is non-empty with the same number of dimensions
-        bool associated = (getInput(0) != nullptr);
-        associated &= !(getInput(0)->empty()) && (getAttr<ConcatAttr::Axis>() < getInput(0)->nbDims()); // do not compute anything if no input
-        auto outputDims =  getInput(0)->dims();
-        const auto firstInputNbDims = getInput(0) -> nbDims();
-        for (IOIndex_t i = 1; i < nbInputs(); ++i) {
-            if (!getInput(i)) {
-                AIDGE_THROW_OR_ABORT(std::runtime_error, "{}: input #{} should be associated with a Tensor", type(), i);
-            }
-
-            if (getInput(i)->nbDims() == firstInputNbDims) {
-                for (DimSize_t dim = 0; dim < firstInputNbDims; ++dim) {
-                    if (dim == getAttr<ConcatAttr::Axis>()) {
-                        outputDims[dim] += getInput(i)->dims()[dim];
-                    }
-                    else {
-                        associated &= (getInput(i)->dims()[dim] == outputDims[dim]);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            else {
-                associated = false;
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-        if (associated) {
-            getOutput(0)->resize(outputDims);
-        }
-    }
-
-    void setBackend(const std::string& name, DeviceIdx_t device = 0) override {
-        SET_IMPL_MACRO(Concat_Op, *this, name);
-        mOutputs[0]->setBackend(name, device);
-    }
+    void setBackend(const std::string& name, DeviceIdx_t device = 0) override;
 
     static const std::vector<std::string> getInputsName(){
         return {"data_input_0", "data_input_n"};

include/aidge/operator/Conv.hpp

@@ -13,17 +13,20 @@
 #define AIDGE_CORE_OPERATOR_CONV_H_
 
 #include <array>
-#include <cmath>
-#include <cstddef>
-#include <numeric>
+#include <cmath>    // std::floor
+#include <cstddef>  // std::size_t
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>  // std::pair
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "aidge/data/Tensor.hpp"
 #include "aidge/graph/Node.hpp"
 #include "aidge/operator/OperatorTensor.hpp"
 #include "aidge/operator/Producer.hpp"
-#include "aidge/utils/StaticAttributes.hpp"
+#include "aidge/utils/ArrayHelpers.hpp"
+#include "aidge/utils/ErrorHandling.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/Registrar.hpp" // SET_IMPL_MACRO
+#include "aidge/utils/StaticAttributes.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/Types.h"
 
 namespace Aidge {
@@ -77,9 +80,9 @@ public:
         : OperatorTensor(op),
           Attributes_(op)
     {
-        if (op.mImpl){
-            SET_IMPL_MACRO(Conv_Op<DIM>, *this, op.mOutputs[0]->getImpl()->backend());
-        }else{
+        if (op.mImpl) {
+            SET_IMPL_MACRO(Conv_Op<DIM>, *this, op.backend());
+        } else {
             mImpl = nullptr;
         }
     }
@@ -134,8 +137,10 @@ public:
         }
     }
 
-
-std::vector<std::pair<std::vector<Aidge::DimSize_t>, std::vector<DimSize_t>>> computeReceptiveField(const std::vector<DimSize_t>& firstEltDims, const std::vector<DimSize_t>& outputDims, const IOIndex_t outputIdx = 0) const override {
+    std::vector<std::pair<std::vector<Aidge::DimSize_t>, std::vector<DimSize_t>>>
+    computeReceptiveField(const std::vector<DimSize_t>& firstEltDims,
+                          const std::vector<DimSize_t>& outputDims,
+                          const IOIndex_t outputIdx = 0) const override {
         if (outputIdx != 0) {
             AIDGE_THROW_OR_ABORT(std::runtime_error, "Conv_Op Operator has got only one output Tensor.");
         }
@@ -191,6 +196,7 @@ std::vector<std::pair<std::vector<Aidge::DimSize_t>, std::vector<DimSize_t>>> co
         AIDGE_THROW_OR_ABORT(std::runtime_error, "Given outputDim out of range or output dim not forwarded yet.");
     }
 
+
     void setBackend(const std::string &name, DeviceIdx_t device = 0) override {
         SET_IMPL_MACRO(Conv_Op<DIM>, *this, name);
         mOutputs[0]->setBackend(name, device);

include/aidge/operator/ConvDepthWise.hpp

@@ -13,14 +13,17 @@
 #define AIDGE_CORE_OPERATOR_CONVDEPTHWISE_H_
 
 #include <array>
-#include <cmath>
-#include <numeric>
+#include <cmath>    // std::floor
+#include <cstddef>  // std::size_t
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>  // std::pair
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "aidge/data/Tensor.hpp"
 #include "aidge/graph/Node.hpp"
 #include "aidge/operator/OperatorTensor.hpp"
 #include "aidge/operator/Producer.hpp"
+#include "aidge/utils/ArrayHelpers.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/StaticAttributes.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/Registrar.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/Types.h"
@@ -72,7 +75,7 @@ public:
           Attributes_(op)
     {
         if (op.mImpl){
-            SET_IMPL_MACRO(ConvDepthWise_Op<DIM>, *this, op.mOutputs[0]->getImpl()->backend());
+            SET_IMPL_MACRO(ConvDepthWise_Op<DIM>, *this, op.backend());
         }else{
             mImpl = nullptr;
         }

include/aidge/operator/Div.hpp

@@ -12,14 +12,13 @@
 #ifndef AIDGE_CORE_OPERATOR_DIV_H_
 #define AIDGE_CORE_OPERATOR_DIV_H_
 
-#include <cassert>
 #include <memory>
+#include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "aidge/utils/Registrar.hpp"
 #include "aidge/operator/OperatorTensor.hpp"
 #include "aidge/backend/OperatorImpl.hpp"
-#include "aidge/data/Tensor.hpp"
 #include "aidge/graph/Node.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/Types.h"
 
@@ -40,9 +39,9 @@ public:
     Div_Op(const Div_Op& op)
         : OperatorTensor(op)
     {
-        if (op.mImpl){
-            SET_IMPL_MACRO(Div_Op, *this, op.mOutputs[0]->getImpl()->backend());
-        }else{
+        if (op.mImpl) {
+            SET_IMPL_MACRO(Div_Op, *this, op.backend());
+        } else {
             mImpl = nullptr;
         }
     }
@@ -57,11 +56,7 @@ public:
 
     void computeOutputDims() override final;
 
-
-    void setBackend(const std::string& name, DeviceIdx_t device = 0) override {
-        SET_IMPL_MACRO(Div_Op, *this, name);
-        mOutputs[0]->setBackend(name, device);
-    }
+    void setBackend(const std::string& name, DeviceIdx_t device = 0) override;
 
     static const std::vector<std::string> getInputsName(){
         return {"data_input_1", "data_input_2"};

include/aidge/operator/Erf.hpp

@@ -12,16 +12,14 @@
 #ifndef AIDGE_CORE_OPERATOR_ERF_H_
 #define AIDGE_CORE_OPERATOR_ERF_H_
 
-#include <cassert>
 #include <memory>
+#include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include "aidge/utils/Registrar.hpp"
 #include "aidge/operator/OperatorTensor.hpp"
 #include "aidge/backend/OperatorImpl.hpp"
-#include "aidge/data/Tensor.hpp"
-#include "aidge/data/Data.hpp"
 #include "aidge/graph/Node.hpp"
+#include "aidge/utils/Registrar.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/Types.h"
 
 namespace Aidge {
@@ -40,9 +38,9 @@ public:
     Erf_Op(const Erf_Op& op)
         : OperatorTensor(op)
     {
-        if (op.mImpl){
-            SET_IMPL_MACRO(Erf_Op, *this, op.mOutputs[0]->getImpl()->backend());
-        }else{
+        if (op.mImpl) {
+            SET_IMPL_MACRO(Erf_Op, *this, op.backend());
+        } else {
             mImpl = nullptr;
         }
     }
@@ -55,10 +53,7 @@ public:
         return std::make_shared<Erf_Op>(*this);
     }
 
-    void setBackend(const std::string& name, DeviceIdx_t device = 0) override {
-        SET_IMPL_MACRO(Erf_Op, *this, name);
-        mOutputs[0]->setBackend(name, device);
-    }
+    void setBackend(const std::string& name, DeviceIdx_t device = 0) override;
 
     static const std::vector<std::string> getInputsName(){
         return {"data_input"};

include/aidge/operator/FC.hpp

@@ -13,13 +13,10 @@
 #define AIDGE_CORE_OPERATOR_FC_H_
 
 #include <array>
-#include <cmath>
-#include <numeric>
 #include <memory>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "aidge/utils/Types.h"
-#include "aidge/data/Tensor.hpp"
 #include "aidge/graph/Node.hpp"
 #include "aidge/operator/OperatorTensor.hpp"
 #include "aidge/operator/Producer.hpp"
@@ -58,7 +55,7 @@ public:
           Attributes_(op)
     {
         if (op.mImpl){
-            SET_IMPL_MACRO(FC_Op, *this, op.mOutputs[0]->getImpl()->backend());
+            SET_IMPL_MACRO(FC_Op, *this, op.backend());
         }else{
             mImpl = nullptr;
         }
@@ -68,46 +65,15 @@ public:
      * @brief Clone the operator using its copy-constructor.
      * @see Operator::FC_Op
      */
-    std::shared_ptr<Operator> clone() const override {
+    std::shared_ptr<Operator> clone() const override final {
         return std::make_shared<FC_Op>(*this);
     }
 
-    void associateInput(const IOIndex_t inputIdx, const std::shared_ptr<Data>& data) override final {
-        assert(inputIdx < 3 && "operators supports only 3 inputs");
-        assert(data->type() == Tensor::Type && "input data must be of Tensor type");
-        // TODO: FIXME: check this, because data dims may not be initialized at this point...
-        //if (inputIdx == 2) {
-        //    assert(std::dynamic_pointer_cast<Tensor>(data)->size() == ((this->template getAttr<FCAttr::NoBias>()) == false ? static_cast<std::size_t>(this->template getAttr<FCAttr::OutChannels>()) : 0));
-        //    assert(std::dynamic_pointer_cast<Tensor>(data)->nbDims() == 1);
-        //}
-        mInputs[inputIdx] = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<Tensor>(data);
-        if (inputIdx == 0 && getInput(0)->nbDims() == 1)
-            mInputs[inputIdx]->resize({1, getInput(inputIdx)->size()});
-    }
+    void associateInput(const IOIndex_t inputIdx, const std::shared_ptr<Data>& data) override final;
 
-    void computeOutputDims() override final {
-        bool associated = true;
-        for (IOIndex_t i = 0; i < nbInputs(); ++i) {
-            if (!getInput(i)) {
-                AIDGE_THROW_OR_ABORT(std::runtime_error, "{}: input #{} should be associated with a Tensor", type(), i);
-            }
-            associated &= !(getInput(i)->empty());
-        }
-        if (associated) {
-            // <batch, OutChannels>
-            mOutputs[0]->resize({getInput(0)->dims()[0], this->template getAttr<FCAttr::OutChannels>()});
-        }
-    }
+    void computeOutputDims() override final;
 
-
-    void setBackend(const std::string& name, DeviceIdx_t device = 0) override {
-        SET_IMPL_MACRO(FC_Op, *this, name);
-        mOutputs[0]->setBackend(name, device);
-
-        // By default, automatically set backend for weight and bias inputs
-        getInput(1)->setBackend(name, device);
-        getInput(2)->setBackend(name, device);
-    }
+    void setBackend(const std::string& name, DeviceIdx_t device = 0) override;
 
     static const std::vector<std::string> getInputsName(){
         return {"data_input", "weight", "bias"};

include/aidge/operator/Gather.hpp

@@ -12,16 +12,14 @@
 #ifndef AIDGE_CORE_OPERATOR_GATHER_H_
 #define AIDGE_CORE_OPERATOR_GATHER_H_
 
-#include <cassert>
+#include <cstdint>  // std::int64_t
 #include <memory>
+#include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "aidge/backend/OperatorImpl.hpp"
-#include "aidge/data/Tensor.hpp"
-#include "aidge/data/Data.hpp"
 #include "aidge/graph/Node.hpp"
 #include "aidge/operator/OperatorTensor.hpp"
-#include "aidge/operator/Producer.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/Registrar.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/StaticAttributes.hpp"
 #include "aidge/utils/Types.h"
@@ -59,8 +57,8 @@ public:
           Attributes_(op)
     {
         if (op.mImpl){
-            SET_IMPL_MACRO(Gather_Op, *this, op.mOutputs[0]->getImpl()->backend());
-        }else{
+            SET_IMPL_MACRO(Gather_Op, *this, op.backend());
+        } else {
             mImpl = nullptr;
         }
     }
@@ -75,10 +73,7 @@ public:
 
     void computeOutputDims() override final;
 
-    void setBackend(const std::string& name, DeviceIdx_t device = 0) override {
-        SET_IMPL_MACRO(Gather_Op, *this, name);
-        mOutputs[0]->setBackend(name, device);
-    }
+    void setBackend(const std::string& name, DeviceIdx_t device = 0) override;
 
     static const std::vector<std::string> getInputsName(){
         return {"data_input"};

include/aidge/operator/GenericOperator.hpp

@@ -15,8 +15,6 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <vector>
 #include <string>
-#include <cassert>
-#include <cstring>
 
 #include "aidge/graph/Node.hpp"
 #include "aidge/operator/OperatorTensor.hpp"
@@ -38,8 +36,8 @@ private:
 public:
     GenericOperator_Op(const std::string& type, IOIndex_t nbData, IOIndex_t nbParam, IOIndex_t nbOut)
         : OperatorTensor(type, nbData, nbParam, nbOut)
-    {        
-        mImpl = std::make_shared<OperatorImpl>(*this);
+    {
+        mImpl = std::make_shared<OperatorImpl>(*this, "");
     }
 
     /**
@@ -49,9 +47,11 @@ public:
     GenericOperator_Op(const GenericOperator_Op& op)
         : OperatorTensor(op)
     {
-        mImpl = std::make_shared<OperatorImpl>(*this);
+        mImpl = std::make_shared<OperatorImpl>(*this, op.backend());
     }
 
+    ~GenericOperator_Op() = default;
+
     /**
      * @brief Clone the operator using its copy-constructor.
      * @see Operator::GenericOperator_Op
@@ -60,50 +60,20 @@ public:
         return std::make_shared<GenericOperator_Op>(*this);
     }
 
+public:
+    void computeOutputDims() override final;
+
+    bool outputDimsForwarded() const override final;
+
+    void setBackend(const std::string & /*name*/, DeviceIdx_t /*device*/ = 0) override { fmt::print("setBackend: not available yet.\n"); }
+    void setDataType(const DataType& /*datatype*/) const override { fmt::print("setDataType: not available yet.\n"); }
+
     // Helper functions that can be used with setComputeOutputDims():
     static const ComputeDimsFunc Identity;
     static const ComputeDimsFunc InputIdentity(IOIndex_t inputIdx, IOIndex_t nbOutputs);
-
     inline void setComputeOutputDims(ComputeDimsFunc func) {
         mComputeOutputDims = func;
     }
-
-
-    void computeOutputDims() override final {
-        if (mComputeOutputDims) {
-            std::vector<std::vector<size_t>> inputsDims(nbInputs(), std::vector<size_t>());
-            for (std::size_t i = 0; i < nbInputs(); ++i) {
-                if (getInput(i)) {
-                    inputsDims[i] = getInput(i)->dims();
-                }
-            }
-
-            const auto& outputsDims = mComputeOutputDims(inputsDims);
-            assert(outputsDims.size() == nbOutputs() && "The provided ComputeDimsFunc function returns the wrong number of outputs");
-            for (std::size_t i = 0; i < nbOutputs(); ++i) {
-                mOutputs[i]->resize(outputsDims[i]);
-            }
-        }
-        else {
-            assert(false && "Cannot compute output dim of a GenericOperator");
-        }
-    }
-
-    bool outputDimsForwarded() const override final {
-        if (mComputeOutputDims) {
-            return !(mOutputs[0]->empty());
-        }
-        else {
-            assert(false && "GenericOperator cannot forward dims");
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-
-    ~GenericOperator_Op() = default;
-
-    void setBackend(const std::string & /*name*/, DeviceIdx_t /*device*/ = 0) override { fmt::print("setBackend: not available yet.\n"); }
-    void setDataType(const DataType& /*datatype*/) const override { fmt::print("setDataType: not available yet.\n"); }
 };
 
 /**